Birth defects may be caused by genetic problems, problems with chromosomes, or environmental factors. Marusinec, Laura E. 2015. For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Other factors, such as exposure to toxic chemicals or viruses, also increase risk. Birth Defects due to External Agents Chiras (2012) emphasises that most birth defects are caused due to some sort of chemical, physical or biological agents. The disabilities can range from mild to severe. We know what causes some birth defects, such as Down syndrome and fetal alcohol syndrome. Yet even more frequently, birth defects are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors (Marusinec par. Otherwise, they cause the Down syndrome. Structural defects affect the formation of parts of the body and are defined by physical abnormalities in one or more parts of the body. NICHD Policies for Data & Safety Monitoring, Clinician-Scientist Investigator (CSI) Curriculum, Office of Administrative Management (OAM), Office of Legislation and Public Policy (OLPP), Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA), NCMRR Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs), Snapshot of Pregnancy & Infant Development Advances, Snapshot of Adult & Family Health Advances, National Advisory Child Health and Human Development (NACHHD) Council, National Advisory Board on Medical Rehabilitation Research (NABMRR), Task Force on Research Specific to Pregnant Women and Lactating Women (PRGLAC), https://employees.nih.gov/pages/coronavirus/, Zika infection in pregnancy is linked to other structural problems with the brain, more information on infections that can cause birth defects and other problems in newborns and on ways to prevent them during pregnancy, tips for preventing infections before and during pregnancy, https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/developmental-disabilities/Pages/Congenital-Abnormalities.aspx, https://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Health-Care-for-Underserved-Women/Exposure-to-Toxic-Environmental-Agents, Director's Corner: Reflecting on our Science Advances in 2020, Spotlight: Medical Rehabilitation Research Center Marks 30th Anniversary, Science Update: In vitro fertilization may increase cancer risk among children with birth defects, NIH-funded study suggests, National Child & Maternal Health Education Program. n.d. They usually result in the death of the embryo or the baby soon after its birth. Many different causes of malformations have been established. An essay or paper on Causes of Birth Defects. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. A birth defect, also known as a congenital disorder, is a condition present at birth regardless of its cause. Different birth defects have different causes, and the causes of many birth defects remain unknown. and causes of birth defects; the global impact and epidemiology of major birth defects; the importance of medical genetic services for care and prevention; the nature of recommended services; the promotion of equity through overcoming barriers to medical genetic services; and the reference list. n.d. Facts about Birth Defects. Certain behaviors and factors are a likely predictor of a birth defect. However, if causes are known, then they can be the followings: women 's age, infection in pregnancy, and drug addiction cause a baby 's birth defect. Birth defects may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. They have profound effects on the social and psychological well being of their family and friends. A birth defect may be broadly grouped into three types. More and more female parents are making careless Acts of the Apostless, which is easy detrimental. Congenital Heart Defects research papers examine the birth defects that cause problems in the structure of the heart. Research by Kai Jiao, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and in Germany has yielded fundamental insights into the causes of severe birth defects known as CHARGE syndrome cases. It is a defect in metabolism. 1. About This Journal. Firstly, anyone who wants to become a parent one day can make the necessary lifestyle changes to eliminate the risk factors that may affect the health of their children. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. The surveillance of a consecutive population of births, including stillbirths and elective terminations of pregnancy because of fetal anomalies, can identify each infant with malformations and determine the … Yet even more frequently, birth defects are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors (Marusinec par. Contrary to popular opinion, they are quite common. Historically, structural birth d… 7). Genetic problems. We utilize security vendors that protect and IvyPanda. pleiotropy: refers to the multiple structures effected by one gene or one mutant gene. A teratogen is any substance which causes abnormal development of the egg in the mother Birth defects are the leading cause of infant mortality, and in 2013 these were associated with 4.778 deaths (20% of deaths in the first year of life) in United States (1). Congenital anomalies are also known as birth defects, congenital disorders or congenital malformations. IvyPanda. Causes of Birth Defects Every day a baby is born with a birth defect, and these defects range from minor abnormalities that need no treatment, to severe defects that may need surgery, need medication, or even cause disabilities. Many different things can cause birth defects. Moreover, while the specific causes are not yet well understood, certain steps can be taken by soon-to-be parents to increase the chances of a healthy child. Typically, they are divided into two main subgroups: genetic causes and prenatal factors (meaning those that occur during the pregnancy). ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. "Birth Defects' Common Causes." Birth defects can be a result of: However, the exact causes of certain birth defects are often unknown. 2020. congenital defects: visible defects present at birth (due to any cause (genetic, developmental error…). While there is a certain stigma attached to children born with such defects, they are far more common than one may think. Simply put, chromosomal abnormalities develop at the time of conception. There are also birth defects which are. Many act as teratogens, that is, they can cause birth defects. IvyPanda, 10 May 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/birth-defects-common-causes/. They present at birth and result in a physical disability such as an oral cleft, spina bifida, congenital heart defects, and upper and lower limb reduction. (2020, May 10). However, certain behaviors greatly increase the risk of birth defects. "Birth Defects' Common Causes." (2020) 'Birth Defects' Common Causes'. Single-gene defects, on the other hand, are inherited from the baby’s parents, and it is typically easier to predict them. It is highly difficult to diagnose and prevent birth defects since their cause is not known in as many as half of all cases (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). Agent Orange Exposure research papers - Agent Orange Exposure research papers explain how Agent Orange exposure has been linked to a multitude of health effects. Congenital anomalies can be defined as structural or functional anomalies (for example, metabolic disorders) that occur during intrauterine life and can be identified prenatally, at birth, or sometimes may only be detected later in infancy, such as hearing defects.In simple terms, congenital refers to the existence at or before birth. Many act as teratogens, that is, they can cause birth defects. A teratogen is an agent that interferes with the development of an embryo or fetus and causes birth defects. A specific condition might be caused by one or more of the following primary problems:1, US Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Intramural Population Health Research (DIPHR), Women in Science Profiles: Text Alternative, Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Philip Adams Lab: Group on Gene Regulation in Bacterial Pathogens, National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR), Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA), Fragile X-Associated Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (FXPOI), Fragile X-Associated Tremor and Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS), Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs), National Child and Maternal Health Education Program, Active Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs) and NIH Guide Notices (NOTs) for NICHD, Parent Announcements (For Unsolicited or Investigator-Initiated Applications), Support for Training at Universities and Other Institutions, Training in the Division of Intramural Research (DIR), Training in the Division of Intramural Population Health Research (DIPHR). Birth defects are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth that cause physical or mental disability. Birth defect causes can be divided into two types, genetic and environmental causes. The use of other harmful substances like drugs and cigarettes can also affect the infant’s development and worsen any pre-existing genetic conditions (Marusinec par. Appendices A and B comprise the second Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Unfortunately, to many parents, having a baby with a birth defect sounds like a life sentence that they did not deserve. May 10, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/birth-defects-common-causes/. Your privacy is extremely important to us. May 10, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/birth-defects-common-causes/. Birth Defects. For instance, excessive alcohol drinking by a pregnant woman is very likely to cause the fetal alcohol syndrome affecting the baby’s major organs, appearance, and mental development (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). 2015. Page 1 of 50 - About 500 essays. A birth defect is a biochemical or physical abnormality that is present at birth, and they usually are caused by environmental influences or inheritance. Copyright © 2021 - IvyPanda is a trading name of Edustream Birth Defects Research publishes original research and reviews in areas related to the etiology of adverse developmental and reproductive outcome. What causes birth defects? Many problems can occur when a mother drinks during pregnancy. They are the leading cause of death for infants during the first year of life. Birth Complications and Child Development, Psychological Effects of Parental Employment and Early Childcare, The effect of methamphetamines on prenatal and postnatal development, Concepts of Prenatal Drug Exposure Vs Poverty on Infants, Neural Development and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Therapeutic Recreation - Prader-Willi Syndrome, The Right of Fetus in Each Month of Prenatal Period, Defects in the Motor Industry and Their Causes, Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN), Developing Quality Care for the Vulnerable Elderly, Disadvantaged and Vulnerable Populations: Elderly. Chemicals can be both a teratogen and a genotoxin. 1. The leading causes of birth defects is alcohol intake during birth, tobacco and drug usage. The time of exposure to any of these agents play … Birth defects may result from the action of genes, chromosomes, or the environment on the developing fetus, but often the cause cannot be determined. Certain behaviors and factors are a likely predictor of a birth defect. Almost 20 percent of deaths in newborns are caused by birth defects. However, for many birth defects, the causes are unknown.1Also, we don’t fully understand how certain factors might work together to cause birth defects. The majority of medical specialists assign special importance to the infants’ prenatal environment. Web. Birth defects are not merely a medical problem. Other common risk factors include certain untreated medical conditions, especially sexually transmitted diseases, use of heavy medications, and older age of the mother (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention par. Technologies LLC, a company registered in Wyoming, USA. A specific condition might be caused by one or more of the following primary problems: 1. While there is still more work to do, we have learned a lot about birth defects through past research. 3). For example: 1. Similarly, a gene or part of the gene might be missing. An essay or paper on Causes of Birth Defects. Different birth defects have different causes, and the causes of many birth defects remain unknown. A genotoxin is an agent that damages cellular DNA resulting in mutations. The majority of medical specialists assign special importance to the infants’ prenatal environment. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by Birth defects are “structural changes” that can affect any body part of a newborn, impacting its appearance or functionality, or both (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention par. IvyPanda. Other causes of birth disorders are causes from drug and alcohol abuse while pregnant. 2). Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.covid19.nih.gov/ INTRODUCTION: Most craniofacial anomalies occur as birth defects and/or postnatal growth disturbances of the cranial base and facial bones. Web. older, etc. syndrome: the symptoms that characterize any abnormal condition (due to genetics, development, chronic injury, etc.). These types of chemicals that cause birth defects are known as teratogen and/or genotoxins. The first cause a baby 's birth defect is women 's age. Lobo, Ingrid and Kira Zhaurova. A large portion of birth defects. Secondly, since the causes are so poorly understood, further research into them should be supported to find solutions for their prevention or treatment. IvyPanda. 10 May. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. Birth Defects. "Birth Defects' Common Causes." Therefore certain birth defects are prone to occur repeatedly in families but, not to be considered purely genetic such as spina bifida. Exposure of the mother to rubella or German measles during pregnancy, or using drugs or alcohol during pregnancy. In the normal course of fetal development, cells migrate to their appropriate destination so that organs and limbs form where they should. Birth Defects' Common Causes. The stage of development that the interactions are affected influences the type of birth defects. “Birth Defects: Causes and Statistics.” Nature Education 1.1 (2008): 18. In the United States, that is approximately 120,000 infants, or one in every thirty-three babies, affected each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention par. The genetic causes result from chromosomal abnormalities or single-gene defects (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. Understanding what causes birth defects is important for two reasons. A malformation can also be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Chemical Imbalance. can cause learning disabilities, certain health problems the child might face as he/she gets. The causes of some birth defects can be difficult or impossible to identify. IvyPanda. Dietary deficiency of folic acid also plays a pivotal role in birth defects. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/birth-defects-common-causes/. These congenital birth defects include severe and life-threatening heart malformations. The issue of birth defects has been a turning job in America. Where Can I Find Clinical Care Recommendations and Practice Guidelines? 2). Birth Defects Essay, Research Paper. May 10, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/birth-defects-common-causes/. More and more mothers are doing careless acts, which is slowly damaging their unborn child. A teratogen is any substance which causes abnormal development of the egg in the mother 3). professional specifically for you? Causes of Birth Defects: An Epidemiological Mystery by Trish Strohfeldt West Bend East High School, West Bend, Wisconsin In collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Jennita Reefhuis In this lesson students will be presented with a problem – a cluster of unexplained neural tube birth defects are occurring in a town. The taking. While there is no straightforward causal relationship between these factors and birth defects, it is highly important that parents seek medical advice on the elimination of these and any other risk factors. Causes of Birth Defects Every day a baby is born with a birth defect, and these defects range from minor abnormalities that need no treatment, to severe defects that may need surgery, need medication, or even cause disabilities. Unfortunately, your browser is too old to work on this site. Getting enough folic acid, a B vitamin, at least one month before getting pregnant and during early pregnancy lowers the risk of having a baby with seri… NIH staff guidance on coronavirus (NIH Only): https://employees.nih.gov/pages/coronavirus/. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must. We will write a custom Essay on Birth Defects’ Common Causes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page. This essay on Birth Defects’ Common Causes was written and submitted by your fellow student. Subject: "Birth Defects" Do you need help with a doctoral dissertation, a masters thesis, or a master research proposal about "Birth Defects"? Many of these errors can be fixed. Some of the causes of birth defects include genetic or chromosome problems. 3). Moreover, currently, birth defects account for about one-fifth of all newborn deaths, which makes them the leading cause of infant mortality in the United States (Marusinec par. An example of a chemical birth defect is the disease known as Phenylketonuria, which causes severe mental retardation, behavioural symptoms or seizures. 6). Mutations causing birth defects are not the result of a single gene but, have some genetic components in their causation. Examples include cleft lip, Down syndrome, and spina bifida. Free Birth Defects Essays and Papers. Though the cause of each birth defect is not known, some of the known reasons are: Infections such as Rubella, Chicken Pox, Toxoplasmosis in the mother, especially in the first three months of pregnancy Alcohol consumption and smoking by a pregnant mother are drug related. A common craniofacial anomaly is cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), which is a congenital condition that results in … Almost 20 percent of deaths in newborns are caused by birth defects. Birth defects, now known as congenital anomalies, are conditions that a person has from birth. The child’s health state and life depend not only on what body part is affected but also on how severely it is affected, as birth defects can range from mild to serious. Globally, about six percent of all children (approximately eight million people) are born with some kind of a serious birth defect (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). Woman who becoming pregnant after the age 32 and above has higher risk of having a birth defected baby. One of the defects attributed to alcohol consumption during pregnancy is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. Many of these mistakes can be fixed. These include smoking, using illegal drugs, and drinking alcohol while pregnant. Print. Interestingly, some defects are especially present in specific racial and ethnic groups. These are environmental causes of birth defects and range from cocaine,. "Birth Defects' Common Causes." Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov their unborn kid. One or more genes might have a change or mutation that results in them not working properly, such as in Fragile X syndrome. Birth defects have many causes and currently, are the leading cause of death for infants in the first year of life. Causes of malformations include chromosome abnormalities, single-gene defects, and environmental factors (such as teratogens, which are substances known to cause birth defects). Not all birth defects are apparent at birth, particularly the ones that. Special importance to the infants ’ prenatal environment infants ’ prenatal environment, we have a! Longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda mothers are doing acts... A mother drinks during pregnancy is fetal alcohol syndrome ( FAS ) defects include severe and life-threatening malformations! Is important for two reasons result in the normal course of fetal,! 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